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Both cryptocurrency researchers and early adopters of cryptocurrencies agree that they possess a special kind of materiality, based on the laborious productive process of digital ‘mining’ [1]. This idea first appears in the Bitcoin White Paper [2] that encourages Bitcoin adopters to construct and justify its value in metaphoric comparison to gold mining. In
this paper, I explore three material aspects of blockchain: physical infrastructure, human language and computer code. I apply the concept of 'continuous materiality' [3] to show how these three aspects interact in practical implementations of blockchain such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. I start from the concept of ‘digital metallism’ that stands for ‘fundamental value’ of cryptocurrencies, and end with the move of Ethereum to ‘proof-of-stake’, partially as a countermeasure against ‘evil miners’. I conclude that ignoring material aspects of blockchain technology can only further problematize complicated relations between their technical, semiotic and social materiality.
Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist die Darstellung von Techniken zur Verfolgung von Transaktionen und Entitäten auf der Bitcoin Blockchain. Die zugrundeliegende Forschungsfrage lautet wie folgt:
Welche Aussagekraft und Grenzen haben Heuristiken und Analysemethoden zur Nachverfolgung von Bitcointransaktionen und wie wirken sie sich auf deren Anonymität aus?
Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wird eine Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Die Funktionsweise der Methoden wird dargestellt, Stärken und Schwächen der Methoden werden aufgezeigt und gegebenenfalls Verbesserungsvorschläge gemacht.
Es zeigt sich, dass die Anonymität des Bitcoin-Systems aus verschiedenen Richtungen eingeschränkt werden kann. Die vorgestellten Analysemethoden haben jedoch ihre Grenzen und können die Anonymität des Bitcoinsystems nicht endgültig überwinden.
Letztendlich bleibt festzuhalten, dass die Anonymität eines Nutzers von seiner Bitcoin-Nutzung und der Nutzung seines Umfelds abhängt. Ein bewusster, anonymer Umgang mit der Kryptowährung ist die Grundlage für eine solide Privatsphäre.
Die Aufgaben dieser Bachelorarbeit sind sowohl die Behandlung der wichtigsten theoretischen Grundlagen von Bitcoin, als auch die Konzeption und Entwicklung eines Programmes für die Verfolgung von Bitcoins. Es werden dabei die anzuwendenden Kriterien untersucht und anschließend die Konzeption und Implementierung beschrieben. Abgeschlossen wird die Arbeit mit dem Test des Programms und einer Auswertung der Nützlichkeit bzw. Anwendbarkeit dieses Programms.
To enable smart devices of the internet of things to be connected to a blockchain, a blockchain client needs to run on this hardware. With the Trustless Incentivized Remote Node Network, in short Incubed, it will be possible to establish a decentralized and secure network of remote nodes, which enables trustworthy and fast access to a blockchain for a large number of low-performance IoT devices. Currently, Incubed supports the verification of Ethereum data. To serve a wider audience and more applications this paper proposes the verification of Bitcoin data as well, which can be achieved due to the modularity of Incubed. This paper describes the proof data that is necessary for a client to prove the correctness of a node’s response and the process to verify the response by using this proof data as well. A proof-object which contains the proof data will be part of every response in addition to the actual result. We design, implement and evaluate Bitcoin verification for Incubed. Creation of the proof data for supported methods (on the server-side) and the verification process using this proof data (on the client-side) has been demonstrated. This enables the verification of Bitcoin in Incubed.
As the cryptocurrency ecosystem rapidly grows, interoperability has become increasingly crucial, enabling assets and data to interact seamlessly across multiple chains. This work describes the concept and implementation of a trustless connection between the Bitcoin Lightning Network and EVM-compatible blockchains, allowing the transfer of assets between the two ecosystems. Establishing such a connection can significantly contribute to the growth of both ecosystems as they can benefit from each other’s advantages and emerge new pos- sibilities.
The cryptocurrency ecosystem has seen significant growth with Ethereum and Bitcoin as foundational pillars. Ethereum introduced smart contracts revolutionizing decentralized applications (dApps) across various domains. Scalability challenges led to alternative ecosystems like Binance Smart Chain and Polygon, maintaining compatibility through the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Bitcoin also faces scalability issues, leading to the Lightning Network's development—an off-chain solution with payment channels for scalable instant transactions. Interoperability is increasingly crucial as the cryptocurrency ecosystem continues to grow, enabling seamless interactions between assets and data across multiple blockchain platforms. EVM-compatible blockchains and the Lightning Network offer unique advantages in their respective use cases. This paper utilizes atomic swaps to create a secure, fast, and user-friendly trustless bridge between the Lightning Network and EVM-compatible blockchains, fostering the growth of both ecosystems and unlocking novel opportunities.
Dieses Paper beschreibt die Implementierung eines Live-Systems für die Erstellung von Cold Storage Wallets.
Ziel soll es sein, einen sicheren und einfachen Erstellungsprozess von Paper-Wallets unter hohen Sicherheitsansprüchen zu ermöglichen.
Der Quellcode ist abrufbar unter https://github.com/envake/vinktar-live
Tokenization projects are currently very present when it comes to new blockchain technologies. After explaining the fundamentals of cross-chain interaction, the bachelor thesis will focus on tokenizing technology for Bitcoin on Ethereum. To get a more practical context, implementing the currently most successful decentralized tokenization project is described.
The financial world of blockchains is mostly covered by Bitcoin, taking up about 210 billion dollars in market cap. Despite the huge security and independence which the technology offers to the users, it's not quite easy to adapt with upcoming applications due to the regulated infrastructure behind. For small-scale transactions, everyday use applications or the access to a variety of crypto technologies and projects, Bitcoin is relatively limited in future development. The compatibility for most of those applications is covering currencies from more development-driven blockchains like Ethereum. Those want to reach out for the user base that's already in hold of Bitcoins and offer them a seamless transition to new applications without the risk of losing their funds. Within the article, atomic swaps and tokenization are covered up and current approaches compared. Both mechanisms are used to fulfill this symbiosis between Bitcoin and Ethereum.
To get a more practical view, an example on how to implement such a tokenization within an app is shown. This will give deeper insights and offers inspiration for digital identity-based app development.