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Die biologische Ammoniumoxidation ist ein zentraler Bestandteil des globalen Stickstoffkreislaufs. Angesichts der extremen Massen Stickstoff anthropogenen Ursprungs in der Umwelt, liegt die Entfernung reaktiven Stickstoffs im Interesse der Umwelt und der öffentlichen Gesundheit. In der folgenden Arbeit werden Bedingungen zur anaeroben Ammoniumoxidation mit Nitrat in einem Anammox-Reaktor untersucht. Dabei wurden 2 Laborreaktoren für eine Zeit von insgesamt 116 Tagen betrieben und beobachtet, die ausschließlich als Elektronendonatoren und Akzeptoren Ammonium und Nitrat enthielten. Zusätzlich wurden Batchkulturen mit Zellen eines Reaktors angezüchtet und auf ihre Gaszusammensetzung abhängig unterschiedlicher Eigenschaften untersucht. Hierbei wurde eine Reihe unterschiedlicher analytischer Quantifizierungsmethoden genutzt und es konnte gezeigt werden, dass ein Abbau unter den Bedingungen stattfindet.
Die aktuelle Forschung zu dieser Reaktion ist spärlich und verleiht der Bachelorarbeit dadurch Relevanz.
In the field of satellites it is common practice to combine multiple ground stations into one network, to increase communication times with satellites. This work focuses on TIM, which is an international academic colaborative project. Important criteria for this project are elaborated and used to evaluate existing ground station networks. It concludes that there is no appropriate solution availiable for this specific use case and establish a proposed solution. The proposed ground station network software will be elaborated and evaluated.
This study explores the opportunities and risks associated with user-generated content (UGC) in the communication strategies of marketing departments from a business perspective. With the rise of social media and online platforms, UGC has become a powerful tool for brands to engage with their audience, build trust, and enhance brand awareness. However, implementing UGC also comes with inherent risks, including the loss of control over brand messaging, potential negative user-generated content, and legal implications.
To investigate these dynamics, an empirical mixed-methods approach was employed, including expert interviews and a comprehensive literature review. The findings indicate that UGC offers significant opportunities for marketing departments, such as increased customer loyalty, enhanced authenticity, brand awareness, as well as a diverse set of possible content. However, the study also reveals the potential risks associated with UGC, highlighting the importance of managing these risks effectively.
The Tutte polynomial is an important tool in graph theory. This paper provides an introduction to the two-variable polynomial using the spanning subgraph and rank-generating polynomials. The equivalency of definitions is shown in detail, as well as evaluations and derivatives. The properties and examples of the polynomial, i.e. the universality, coefficient relations, closed forms and recurrence relations are mentioned. Moreover, the thesis contains the connection between the dichromate and other significant polynomials.
The GeoFlow II experiment aims to replicate Earth’s core dynamics using a rotating spherical container with controlled temperature differences and simulated gravity. During the GeoFlow II campaign, a massive dataset of images was collected, necessitating an automated system for image processing and fluid flow visualization in the northern hemisphere of the spherical container. From here, we aim to detect the special structures appearing on the post processed images. Recognizing YOLOv5’s proficiency in object detection, we apply Yolov5 model for this task.
In this work, we identify similarities between Adversarial Examples and Counterfactual Explanations, extend already stated differences from previous works to other fields of AI such as dimensionality, transferability etc. and try to observe these similarities and differences in different classifier with tabular and image data. We note that this topic is an open discussion and the work here isn’t definite and canbe further extended or modified in the future, if new discoveries found.
In this thesis, we implement, correct, and modify the compartmental model described in “Transmission Dynamics of Large Coronavirus Disease Outbreak in Homeless Shelter, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2020”. Our objective is to engage in reading and understanding scientific literature, reproduce the results, and modify or generalize an existing mathematical model. We provide an overview of epidemiological models, focusing on simple compartmental SEIR models. We correct inaccuracies and misprints in the original implementation and use the limited-memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm to fit the model’s parameters. Furthermore, we modify the model by introducing an additional compartment. The resulting model has a more intuitive interpretation and relies on fewer assumptions. We also perform the fitting process for this alternative model. Finally, we demonstrate the advantages of our modified implementations and discuss other possible approaches.
Where does the cocoa, which we consume on a regular basis, come from? Supply chains are not always transparent, much less easily comprehensible. The cocoa industry faces ongoing challenges. Whether it be the chocolate manufacturers’ promise to maintain a sustainable and ethical supply chain, the minimal impact on the environment or the maximum adherence to human rights in their production process. This paper revises important steps which lead to the compliance with UN standards and questions the role of consumers in the construct of ethical chocolate products.
This Bachelor thesis investigates the learning rules of the Hebbian, Oja and BCM neuron models for their convergence to, and the stability of, the fixed points. Existing research is presented in a structured manner using consistent notation. Hebbian learning is neither convergent nor stable. Oja learning converges to a stable fixed point, which is the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue of the covariance matrix of the input data. BCM learning converges to a fixed point which is stable, when assuming a discrete distribution of orthogonal inputs that occur with equal probability. Hebbian learning can therefore not be used in further applications, where convergence to a stable fixed point is required. Furthermore, this Bachelor thesis came to the conclusion that determining the fixed points of the BCM learning rule explicitly involves extensive calculation and other methods for verifying the stability of possible fixed points should be considered.
Studying and understanding the metabolism of plants is essential to better adapt them to future climate conditions. Computational models of plant metabolism can guide this process by providing a platform for fast and resource-saving in silico analyses. The reconstruction of these models can follow kinetic or stoichiometric approaches with Flux Balance Analysis being one of the most common one for stoichiometric models. Advances in metabolic modelling over the years include the increasing number of compartments, the automation of the reconstruction process, the modelling of plant-environment interactions and genetic variants or temporally and spatially resolved models. In addition, there is a growing focus on introducing synthetic pathways in plants to increase their agricultural potential regarding yield, growth and nutritional value. One example is the β-hydroxyaspartate cycle (BHAC) to bypass photorespiration. After the implementation in a stoichiometric C3 plant model, in silico flux analyses can help to understand the resulting metabolic changes. When comparing with in vivo experiments with BHAC plants, the metabolic model can reproduce most results with exceptions regarding growth and oxaloacetate. To evaluate whether the BHAC is suitable to establish a synthetic C4 cycle, the pathway is implemented in a two-cell type model that is capable of running a C4 cycle. The results show that the BHAC is only beneficial under light limitation in the bundle sheath cell. An additional engineering target for improved performance of plants is malate synthase. This work serves as the basis for further analyses combining the different factors boosting the advantages of the BHAC and for in vivo experiments in C3 and C4 plants.