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Noise in the oceans is a constantly increasing factor. The growing industrialisation due to shipping, offshore wind parks, seismic studies and other anthropogenic noise is putting the eco system under immense stress. The focus of this thesis is on the assessment of continuous underwater noise from ships. Based on existing strategies in air as well as underwater and a comparison of both an alternative strategy for the assessment of con-tinuous noise from ships is given. The concept developed is based on published, scien-tifically observed responses of animals to ship passes with an indication of an effect range. A model is created to describe the strategy using publicly available data for cargo ships as an example. The results are summarized in maps depicting the affected area for an MRU of the OSPAR II region and the MPA “Borkum Riffgrund”. The strategy is discussed and evaluated on the basis of these results. From this, further improvements and the need for additional information in publicly available data on vessel traffic are derived.
Purpose: The study is aimed to determine the Incentives for German SMEs to offshore their business activities in India and China.
Design: This study is based on quantitative approach. Primary and secondary data is being used in the study. The data was collected from individuals working in different SMEs in Germany, having relative offshoring experience. Theories from the articles, peer reviewed journal along with relevant books were consulted throughout the study.
Findings: The findingssuggest that the benefits and advantages of offshoring strategy in India and China are cost efficiency and technology. Moreover, the challenges that are being faced by the firms while executive offshoring strategy is cultural mix especially language/cultural barriers, security issues and loss of market performance.
Originality and Value: The study on incentives of German SMEs to offshore business activities in India and China enables me to understand why companies are interested in offshoring strategy in low cost countries for expanding their business while evaluating the challenges, merits and demerits of offshoring