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Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist die Darstellung von Techniken zur Verfolgung von Transaktionen und Entitäten auf der Bitcoin Blockchain. Die zugrundeliegende Forschungsfrage lautet wie folgt:
Welche Aussagekraft und Grenzen haben Heuristiken und Analysemethoden zur Nachverfolgung von Bitcointransaktionen und wie wirken sie sich auf deren Anonymität aus?
Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wird eine Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Die Funktionsweise der Methoden wird dargestellt, Stärken und Schwächen der Methoden werden aufgezeigt und gegebenenfalls Verbesserungsvorschläge gemacht.
Es zeigt sich, dass die Anonymität des Bitcoin-Systems aus verschiedenen Richtungen eingeschränkt werden kann. Die vorgestellten Analysemethoden haben jedoch ihre Grenzen und können die Anonymität des Bitcoinsystems nicht endgültig überwinden.
Letztendlich bleibt festzuhalten, dass die Anonymität eines Nutzers von seiner Bitcoin-Nutzung und der Nutzung seines Umfelds abhängt. Ein bewusster, anonymer Umgang mit der Kryptowährung ist die Grundlage für eine solide Privatsphäre.
Diese Arbeit präsentiert ein Protokoll für vertrauliche Transaktionen auf Ethereum, das auf einer kontenbasierten Struktur und Paillier-Verschlüsselung basiert. Die Integration von Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Range Proofs (NIZKRP) verbessert die Sicherheit. Die Implementierung und Tests auf Ethereum zeigen vergleichbare Transaktionskosten (Sicherheitsparameter 40) im Vergleich zu Protokollen mit Bulletproofs. Bei einem Sicherheitsparameter von 128 (NIZKRP-Empfehlung) ist das Protokoll jedoch nicht anwendbar. Die Arbeit betont die Effizienz und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, hebt jedoch die Herausforderung bei höheren Sicherheitsparametern hervor. Das Protokoll bildet eine solide Grundlage, erfordert jedoch weitere Optimierungen für breitere Anwendbarkeit.
Eine empirische Analyse von 19 DAO-Airdrops im Hinblick auf die Governance-Aktivität der Empfänger: Airdrops sind ein bekannter Incentive-Mechanismus bei Blockchain-Protokollen. In den letzten Jahren haben vor allem DAOs „retroaktive“ Airdrops für sich entdeckt, die frühe Nutzer eines Protokolls entlohnen. Diese Art der Verteilung von Token gilt allerdings auch als ein möglicher Lösungsansatz für Zentralisierung bzw. mangelnde Voting-Beteiligung in DAOs. Thema der Arbeit ist daher, welchen Effekt Airdrops auf die Governance-Aktivität in DAOs haben. Zu diesem Zweck wurden 19 DAOs empirisch untersucht. Wir vergleichen die Voting-Beteiligung der Airdrop-Empfänger auf Snapshot bzw. on-chain mit dem der Gesamtheit der Token-Halter. Außerdem wird die Verteilung der Airdrops, die Halte-Dauer und der Delegations-Anteil betrachtet. Wir stellen fest, dass die Beteiligung der Airdrop-Empfänger im Durchschnitt etwas höher ist als die von nicht-Airdrop-Empfängern. Ob Airdrops sich als Governance-Instrument eignen, ist allerdings im Einzelfall zu betrachten.
The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is increasing rapidly. The Trustless Incentivized Remote Node Network, in short IN3 (Incubed), enables trustworthy and fast access to a blockchain for a large number of low-performance IoT devices. Although currently IN3 only supports the verification of Ethereum data, it is not limited to one blockchain due to modularity. This thesis describes the fundamentals, the concept and the implementation of the Bitcoin verification in IN3.
Traditional user management on the Internet has historically required individuals to give up control over their identities. In contrast, decentralized solutions promise to empower users and foster decentralized interactions. Over the last few years, the development of decentralized accounts and tokens has significantly increased, aiming at broader user adoption and shared social economies.
This thesis delves into smart contract standards and social infrastructure for Ethereum-based blockchains to enable identity-based data exchange between abstracted blockchain accounts. In this regard, the standardization landscapes of account and social token developments were analyzed in-depth to form guidelines that allow users to retain complete control over their data and grant access selectively.
Based on the evaluations, a pioneering Solidity standard is presented, natively integrating consensual restrictive on-chain assets for abstracted blockchain accounts. Further, the architecture of a decentralized messaging service has been defined to outline how new token and account concepts can be intertwined with efficient and minimal data-sharing principles to ensure security and privacy, while merging traditional server environments with global ledgers.
In the field of Blockchain Technology applications and research, non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have gained significant attention in recent years. Whilst current research is focused on NFT use cases or the purchase of NFTs from an investor’s perspective, the NFT launch (i.e. primary market) from a creator’s perspective remains uncovered. However, the launch strategy is considered to be an important factor for the success of a product. Therefore, our research paper aims to explore launch strategies of NFTs. Thereby, we discuss the marketing mix instruments price (i.e. pricing strategy), place (i.e. mint mechanism), and promotion. Through an empirical approach of conducting eight expert interviews, we examine parameters that are used to define an NFT launch strategy and assess their preference of different stakeholders.
A Systematic Literature Review on Blockchain Oracles: State of Research, Challenges, and Trends
(2023)
To enable data exchange between the Blockchain protocol (on-chain) and the real world (off-chain), e.g., non-Blockchain-based applications and systems, a software called Oracle is used [3]. Blockchain oracle is an important component in the use of off-chain data for on-chain smart contracts. However, there is limited scientific literature available on this important blockchain topic. Therefore, in this paper, a novel systematic literature review based on intelligent methods, e.g., information linking, topic clustering and focus identification through frequency calculations, is proposed. Thus, the current state of scientific research interest, content and challenges, and future research directions for blockchain oracles are identified. This paper shows that there is little unbiased literature that does not call oracles a problem. From the results of this new literature review framework, relevant areas of data handling and verification with blockchain oracles are identified for future research.
Safety, quality, and sustainability concerns have arisen from global supply chains. Stakeholders incur risk regarding these factors, given their significance and complexity. Thus, each business's supply chain risk management must prioritize product characteristics. Accordingly, an effective traceability solution that can monitor and regulate product and supply chain aspects is crucial, especially in a given scenario. This re-search paper elucidates the potential of smart contracts in blockchain to enhancing the efficacy of business transactions and ensuring comprehensive traceability within the supply chain of paper-based coffee cups The improved levels of transaction transparency and security in traditional supply chains have been achieved through the digitization of supply chain ecosystem interactions and transactions. This approach makes verifying sources, manufacturing procedures, and quality standards easier in complex supply chains. Accordingly, the integration helps stakeholders monitor and track the whole ecosystem, promoting transparency, predictability, and dependability.
This desk research will initiate an exploration of present and potential blockchain applications in the higher education sector of Europe. The aim of this research is to create a theoretical base for a further postgraduate research and analysis, so to create an effective model/framework to augment the integration of blockchain technology into existing organizational processes, initially in higher educational institutions, but which may be adaptable and generalizable to other specific uses. Due to the novelty of the topic, academic resources related to the research area are limited. Most studies seem to focus on blockchain-based applications in industries such as finance, healthcare, and supply chain management, and there is little evidence of the impact of blockchain technology on education. This paper discusses present and suggests some potential blockchain-based applications in education in Europe and beyond. This research provides a groundwork for education and academia stakeholders, policymakers and researchers to exploit the potential of blockchain in different functions of an education system.
Currently, the Internet of Things (IoT) is connected to the virtual world through the Web of Things (WoT), allowing efficient utilization of real-world objects with Internet technologies. The WoT facilitates abstract interaction between applications and connected IoT devices, allowing owners to switch between devices while using multiple ones. To achieve this, virtual assets in WoT devices can be tokenized through smart contracts and transferred using hashed proof as transactions within blockchain networks that support virtual currencies. The goal of Web of Things is to establish connectivity, interoperability, and integration among IoT devices using web standards and protocols, reducing reliance on device manufacturers. This enables easy integration of Web 3.0 cryptocurrency for device management. This study proposes a solution for WoT applications involving different cryptocurrency definitions. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the tokenization-based ownership transfer in the Web of Things.