620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
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The aim of this master thesis is to describe the key factors of successful energy efficiency projects. In particular, local conditions of such projects in Kazakhstan will be emphasized and a country-specific guideline will be provided at the end. The following topics will be covered in this thesis: energy efficiency technologies, financing, and capacities. The first part examines the energy efficiency approaches and their potential in the local industry. The second part deals with available financing methods, their specific characteristics and appropriateness for overcoming investment barriers in Kazakhstan. The third part of the master thesis concerns necessary project capacities. The application of the three elements for successful project implementation is described in the end.
For the first time it was discovered that ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm (maximum 365 nm) radiated from a distance of 40 cm (intensity: 3500 mW/cm²) to PMMA altered its surface wettability as well as a roughness at the nanoscale that was observed with an atomic force microscope (AFM). The roughness rises and falls again in a short time ( 1-2days ) after 75 min and 180 min irradiation time. However , during the next 10 days roughness became stabilized and there was no influence of UV if PMMA was stored in air or in a Petri dish out of glass.
There are a lot of people taking part in more than one competition. The competitions are also of a different kind. From local events with a small number of participants to international tournaments watched by many viewers. Naturally it becomes necessary a system to assess and compare the success in various competitions.
The existing ranking systems are usually specialized to fit their application area. More general ranking methods also exist. They can be applied to a wide spectrum of competition fields. However these ranking methods are still not universal and don't cover some important features of the competitions.
A totally new ranking system has been developed within the present master thesis. Its primary purpose is to evaluate and measure prestige gained by participants in competitions. The main contribution of the thesis consists of an original mathematical model that makes the ranking system unique.
The developed ranking system claims to be universal and interdisciplinary. It is based on the fundamental element that distinguishes the competition from the non-competition areas, namely standings that rank the participants according to their performance. The universality and the interdisciplinarity of the ranking system make available cross-disciplinary comparisons, which is usually very subjective and difficult for implementation.
The contribution of the master thesis extends beyond the theoretical area. A ranking software that fully implements this novel ranking system has been designed and developed. The software makes the practical benefits of the ranking system immediately available to potential application areas such as sports clubs and universities.
And finally, the developed ranking system offers a new viewpoint to the competitions – as a way of gaining prestige, rather than the traditional viewpoint of demonstrating mastery.